This publication reveals the true picture of Bamiyan population in terms of their education, employment, fertility, age and sex structure, mortality, household and housing characteristics, which could be used by the local government and other players as a guide in charting their development goals and aspirations for Bamiyan and its people. Likewise, the national government as well as the international community has a reference now in designing a new thrust for a better Afghan society, beginning with Bamiyan Province. This achievement is therefore a loud statement of the Afghans’ determination to strive for a better future.